A Corpus-based Study of Cohesion through Reference and Conjunctive Ties in IELTS Simulation Essays by Colombian Students

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26817/16925777.1980

Keywords:

argumentative ESL essays, cohesion in ESL writing, Colombian ESL learners, Corpus Linguistics in Colombia, IELTS Writing Task 2, reference and conjunctive ties, SCoCESLE – The Small Corpus of Colombian English as a Second Language Essays

Abstract

Although cohesion in English as a Second Language (ESL) argumentative essays has been explored extensively, less is known about the Colombian context. The current study employed comparative Corpus Linguistic methods to explore the use of reference and conjunctive ties in a corpus of IELTS simulation essays called SCoCESLE (the Small Corpus of Colombian English as a Second Language Essays). Results suggest that Colombian ESL learners use reference and conjunctive ties in essays in more different ways than similar compared to proficient ESL writers. The main differences concern overuse, underuse, misuse, positioning, and a narrower range of certain ties, while the main similarities relate to the dispersion of overused ties. The study contributes to a better understanding of the current state of ESL argumentative essay writing skills in the Colombian context. The paper concludes with a discussion of pedagogical recommendations, limitations, and avenues for future research.

 

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Author Biography

Ender Velasco, Regent College London

Ender Velasco is an EAP lecturer at the English and Academic Skills Support Department, Regent College London. He holds a Cambridge CELTA, a Cambridge Diploma (DTELLS), and a MA in Applied Linguistics and TESOL from the University of Portsmouth, England. He has written for specialized journals in Canada, Colombia, Turkey, and the United Kingdom. His research interests include Teacher Training, Text Analysis using Corpus Linguistics methods, and the application of Systemic Functional Linguistics theory to the teaching of EAP and ESL writing.

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Published

2026-07-16

How to Cite

Velasco, E. (2026). A Corpus-based Study of Cohesion through Reference and Conjunctive Ties in IELTS Simulation Essays by Colombian Students . GIST – Education and Learning Research Journal, 32(32). https://doi.org/10.26817/16925777.1980

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